fornaga



WHNKSSES G. FURMMSA,

comuanofe mami.

APPUCTNBH HKU? NUL 5, ISH. v

Pam/urteil Aug. 1, 1916l TDRNEYS UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFTCE.

GUIDO FORNACA, 0F TURIN, ITALY, ASSIGNOR TO F. I. A VT., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMBUSTION-ENGINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1, 1916.

Application filed January 5, 1911. Serial No. 600,855.

Be it known that 1,-G1Ui FonNAcA, a subject of the King of Italy, residing at Turin, Italy, have inventcglcertain new and vuseful Improvements iii"--CoinliustioiiEngines, of which the follm ine' Vis a full, clear, and exact specification. v

This invention relates to combustioii"'englues. niore particularly those used for inotoi vehicles, aud has foi' .its object t0 provide Aacast, block inultiiv e cylinder engine in which the carbiiretei.` casing' will be an integrral part disposed adjacent the cylinders and within the water jacket. v

.\s now generally constructed, the carbureter is inade separably troni the. engine and' attached thereto. and in some instances external pipesarc connected from thevwater jacket through the'calsiiigA of the carbureter,

so that the casinar will be in a measure heated bv the water jacket. 'lhis involves extra work. and also extefuial. pipe fittings, which are oli|ectionable because of the added complication, and also detract from the appeai-:inee of the engine. Also, such. heating arrangements are ngt fully effectiveamldo n Il, always heat thefchargc to the niost eltitl ten'iperatiire. y

.according to this invent ion7 the air which is ,to forni the combustible (',liarge is caused to pass in contact withv surfaces heated by the water jacket and foriuing a part thereof into a space. preferably formed between two ol' the cylinders in a block casting, in which space the fuel nozzle will also be disposed so that not only-will the air lie heated, but

the charge will be Continuously heated during fits `entire `l'nissaoe to thc cylinders. 'l`lieii-by, the cabui'ete is placed as close as possible. to the inlet Eyalves and a niore ellicient distribution offtllie combustible niixture to thc cylinders elfected, and also a uuil'oijin heating of- Qtlic niixture.

'lvlre .invention vwilllbe uiore fully understood'in connection.with the description of `tlie accon'ipanying` drawings', wherein* lfigure l represents in partial section an engine einbodyin,"r the invention: Fig. J is :i section taken on the line. if i of ["ig. l; Fig-13 iS a vertical section taken on llic line. BH3 of Fig. l.; and Fig. l is a detail. l scc tion taken ou the line l l ol' l"if 3'..

I'fspi-vliicli.'` liai inn lhcin heads` was( integrally and suiiounded 4liy'a water jacket casing 2 forming Y a water-(jacket. 'inclosing` all of the cylindei's,`tlie valve chambers, thc charge inlet inanitold pipe' and the exhaust pipe. 5 represents the exhaust pipe which extends lon-- .l'tldlllillly on one side of the casting, being* ing, as shown at 8, and will be connectedwitli the inulller in the usual manner. The top ot the casting; 1s open and will be covered by a removable cover, not shown herein l() represents an inlet passage between the second and third cylinders, and connected hy opposite/passages ll'to the double inlet valve chambers 10. The passages 1l are consequently completely l`in closed within the water ljacket' and thereby are always heated toy a uniform tempera.-v ture by the unter iu thc jacket. 13 and ll are parallel vertically disposed primary mixing passages forniedrin the casting on Vone side between two of the cylinders1 and ciniiiectiiitgr to the piisszigelO, which leads to the inlet valves.` At' t.he bott'oni of the block casting', and adjacent the lower ends oty mixingr passages v13, lil is foi-ined a horizontal `circular passage 1U,` in which the fuel nozzle or -nozzlesare disposial; the bolts 17 secure the float chamber and now/.le castingr 1S of thc carbureter to the block casting. As herein shown, this casting lb' is fornicd in one piece, having an air inlet l5) and carryingr now/.les 2()` 2l` which are connected to the. passage 22 leadingr from the lloat chamber 225. 'lhe vi'eiiiaininfg, parts ot the ca rbureter are` not shown` beingv unnecessary lo an understanding of the invention. though it will be. seen that 2i is a valve. scat and 25 a Jasoleiie passage lamb ing lioni the gzisolene tank. At thil upper end of the passages lll` Il a second chanibei', or auxiliary niixin;r clianibei- 2&5 is formed in the casting. in which is lilted :i cylindrical throttle. valvill having' ports J7 opt-ning into llie charge space lll` ports 2H. il controlling' llie, passages ll, ll` ie spectively. and ports Il() for adiiiitlin.;`- an additional air \uppl`\' thi-nigh poi-tsill liornieil in :i bushingr 11;' attached lo the casi. in Lf as liv ii\\\tl|i'e.idf ll. will be seen that llul threadid bushingr r holds in place a sleeve 33 which carries ports corresponding to 28, 29 and 30. 34 is a lever for turning the throttle valve cylinder 2G.

In operation, the ports 27 regulate the quantity of mixture supplied to the cylinders, and the ports 30 admit an additional y quantity of air when high power and speed are required, over and above the air which normally passes through the choking port 19. It will be seen that a partial mixture is first formed in the primary mixing chambers 13, 14, serving respectively as main and additional mixing passages, and that the mixture 4is completed in auxiliary chamber 35 by whatever air may come through ports 30, depending upon the opening of the ports 27.

As thewalls of the mixing passages 13, 14 form part of the body of the en gine, these walls are directly heated from the Cylinders, and consequently the atomization of the liquid fuel in these passages 13 and 14 is performed under the best possible conditions without introducing hot air, and without other means for heating. The passage 10 being contained in one casting .with the cylifders and being surrounded by the circulating water of the waterv jackets, is also at practically the same temperature asp the cylinders, consequently the combustible mixture is in the best condition for use in the cylinders. Owing to the close proximity of the mixing chamber to the cylinders the inlet pipes 11, which branch from the passage 10, are of minimum length, but equa-l on both sides, so that an equal supply of mixture to each cylinder is obtained,

So far as I am aware, ithas not heretofore been proposed to form a mixing passage having a fuel nozzle adjacent one end thereof as a part of the engine casting and to em'- body a mixing chamber within the same Water jackets as the cylinders, and in closest proximity to the cylinders.

Having thus described my invention, I declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-

1. The combination with a multiple cylinder casting, of a, mixing passage between two of said -cylinders having its walls integral therewith, a fuel nozzle disposed within the outer walls of said casting and adjacent one end of said mixing passage, an auxiliary mixing` chamber within said casting between said cylinders, and passages from said mix' ing chamber communicating with the interiors of Said cylinders and within the outer walls of said casting.

2. The combination with a multiple cyl-I inder casting, of a mixing passage between two of said cylinders having its walls integral with the casting, a fuel nozzle disposed adjacent oneaend of said mixing passage, an auxiliary mixing chamber at the end of said passage and between said cylinders, pas-f jacket surrounding said cylinders andsaid passages.

3. The combination in a multiple cylinder block casting, of inlet passages to the cylinders formed in said casting, a common mixing chamber between two of said cylinders, a passage leading through said casting from the outside to said mixing chamber, a Yl'uel nozzle in said passage, and means for supplying liquid fuel to said nozzle. l

4. A multiple cylinder engine casting having an enlarged charge mixing-chamber between two of the cylinders, inlet passages to the cylinders from said chamber, a vertical passage formed in the space between said cylinders and connected to said chamber, a fuel nozzle and air inlet at the lower end of said passage, and a throttle valve in said mixing chamber.

5. A multiple cylinder engine castinghaving an enlarged charge mixing chamber between two yof the cylinders, inlet passages to the cylinders from said chamber, a vertical passage formed in the space between said cylinders and connected to said chamber, a fuel nozzle and air inlet at the lower end vof said passage, a cylindrical throttle valve in said mixing chamber, and an auxiliary air inlet through said vmixing chamber aud' throttle. K 6. A multiple cylinder engine casting having an enlarged horizontal charge mixing chamber between two of the cylinders, inlet passages to the cylinders from said Vchamber, a vertical passage formed in the space between said cylinders and connected tosaid zhamber, a fuel nozzle and air inlet at the lower end, of said passage, a-throttle valve in said mixing chamber, and an integral water jacket inclosing said cylinders, said 'inlet passages, and said mixing chamber. 7 A multiple cylinder engine casting having a charge mixing chamber between two of the cylinders, inlet passages-to the cylindersv from said chamber, a vertical passage formed in the space between said cylinders, a fuel nozzle and air inlet at' the lower end of said passage, a cylindrical-throttle rotatably mounted in -s id mixing chaxiiber,- an

auxiliary air nletthrough said ythrottle, and an integral water jacket inclosing said cylinders, said linlet passages and" said mixing chamber.

` 8. A multiple cylinder en ine'csting having a charge mixing. cham er between two of the cylinders, manifold inlet passages ex-' tending to the cylinders from said mixing chamber, a pair of vertical passagesbetween said two cylinders and ha-vir i; integral Walls, a cylindrical throttle controlling said passages, an airinlet `and fuel nozzles for said passages, and a 'w ater jacket inclosing said. eyiinders, said manifold inlets and said i mixing chamber. l

9. A. multiple cylinder engine casting havlng a charge mixing chamber between two of the cylinders, manifold inlet passages ex tending equally to the cylinders :from said mixing chamber, a pair of vertical passages between said' two cylinders and having integral wal1s, a throttle mounted in said mixing chamber controlling said passages, an air inlet and fuel nozzles for said passages, a water jacket inclosing said cylinder, said manifold inlets and said mixing chamber, and a. common cylinder exhaust pipe within saidv w ater acket.

lil. The combination With a .multiple cyl 'miler casting, of a mixing chamber within said casting between two of said cylinders and having its walls integral therewith, pas from said Chamber vitomnninieating with the interiors of said cylinders and `within the outer walls of said casting, and an air inlet and fuel nozzle for suplilying an atomized tnel vmixture to said mixing chamber, said inlet and said nozzle being disposed n ilhii; the outer walls of said cast ing,

ii, The combination with a multiple cvlinder casting. of a, plurality of primary mixnig passages. individual means for supplyi4 ingr atomiaed fuel mixture. lor said mixing,r

i igen, a eommon auxiliary mixing chamber rfon'ununiffating with said mixing: pas sages and d msed between two oi'sa id cyl inders, said mixing chamber being provided with an :air inlet, and passages from said mixing chamber eommunirating with the interiors ot said cylinders.

iii, The combination with a combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders and passages communiratinglwith the intl riors oi said cylinders, oi a plurality of noz- Zies, individual primary mixing chambers 'for said nozzles. means Jfor supplying fuel to said nozzles, a common auxiliary mixing chamber provided with an air inlet, said common mixing chamber communicating with said individual mixing chambers severally and with said passages, and a valve for controlling the flow of the gas mixture from snid common mixing chamber into said passages.

13. The combination with a combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders and passages communicating with the interiors of said cylinders, of a pluralityy of nozzles disposed side by side, individual primary mixing chambers for said nozzles, said primary mixing chambers beingr disposed in parallel relation and of varying internal capacity, means for supplying fuel to said nozzles, a common auxiliary mixing chamber provided with an air inlet, said common mixing ehamher (-ommunieat-ing with said individual mixing chambers severally and with said passages, and a valve for controllingr the llow ot the gas mixture from said common mixing chamber into'said passages.

l-l. 'l'he combination with a multiple cylinder existing` of a mixing passage. having portions oi its walls integral with certain of said rylinders. a plurality of parallel chamH bers torund by walls east integrally with said casting, said chambers serving as fuel mixing chambers. and a hollow element adapted to be inserted in an opening in the rusting above said illambers, said elementJ ha vingopenings in its walls adapted to reg-- isti-r respectively with the ends of said ehambers, whereby said hollow element serves as a common mixing chamber for said plurality of chambers.

ln testimony whereof l ailix my signature, in presi-nee of two witnesses.

GUID() FORNACA.

lVitnesses: Y

lumo (iiANoLio, Josizln. (l. SoUnEYnAN. 

